GNB2

GNB2
Identifiers
Aliases	GNB2, G protein subunit beta 2, SSS4, SSS4; NEDHYDF, HG2C1
External IDs	OMIM: 139390 MGI: 95784 HomoloGene: 68451 GeneCards: GNB2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	100,679,174 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	anterior pituitary; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; ganglionic eminence; ; right uterine tube; ; skin of abdomen; ; left uterine tube; ; gastric mucosa; ; right lung; ; canal of the cervix; ; right adrenal gland;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein-containing complex binding; calcium channel regulator activity; signal transducer activity; protein binding; GTPase activity; GTPase binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cell body; vesicle; membrane; focal adhesion; myelin sheath; plasma membrane; lysosomal membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular exosome; cytosol; extracellular space; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; cellular response to glucagon stimulus; signal transduction; protein folding; regulation of molecular function;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2783
	14693
	ENSG00000172354
	n/a
	P62879
	P62880
	NM_005273
	NM_010312
	NP_005264
	NP_034442
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2 gene.^[4]^[5]

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes.

This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. This gene contains a trinucleotide (CCG) repeat length polymorphism in its 5' UTR.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000172354 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Glockner G, Scherer S, Schattevoy R, Boright A, Weber J, Tsui LC, Rosenthal A (Dec 1998). "Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes". Genome Res. 8 (10): 1060–73. doi:10.1101/gr.8.10.1060. PMC 310788. PMID 9799793.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2".

Downes GB, Gautam N (2000). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics. 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
Dawson SJ, White LA (1992). "Treatment of Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis with ciprofloxacin". J. Infect. 24 (3): 317–20. doi:10.1016/S0163-4453(05)80037-4. PMID 1602151.
Lovett M, Kere J, Hinton LM (1991). "Direct selection: a method for the isolation of cDNAs encoded by large genomic regions". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (21): 9628–32. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88.9628L. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.21.9628. PMC 52771. PMID 1946378.
Blatt C, Eversole-Cire P, Cohn VH, et al. (1988). "Chromosomal localization of genes encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunits in mouse and human". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (20): 7642–6. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.7642B. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.20.7642. PMC 282248. PMID 2902634.
Fong HK, Amatruda TT, Birren BW, Simon MI (1987). "Distinct forms of the beta subunit of GTP-binding regulatory proteins identified by molecular cloning". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (11): 3792–6. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.3792F. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.11.3792. PMC 304962. PMID 3108879.
Gao B, Gilman AG, Robishaw JD (1987). "A second form of the beta subunit of signal-transducing G proteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (17): 6122–5. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.6122G. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.17.6122. PMC 299020. PMID 3114742.
Buhl AM, Osawa S, Johnson GL (1995). "Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation requires two signal inputs from the human anaphylatoxin C5a receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (34): 19828–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.34.19828. PMID 7649993.
Ray K, Kunsch C, Bonner LM, Robishaw JD (1995). "Isolation of cDNA clones encoding eight different human G protein gamma subunits, including three novel forms designated the gamma 4, gamma 10, and gamma 11 subunits". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (37): 21765–71. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.37.21765. PMID 7665596.
Pumiglia KM, LeVine H, Haske T, et al. (1995). "A direct interaction between G-protein beta gamma subunits and the Raf-1 protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (24): 14251–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.24.14251. PMID 7782277.
Ueda N, Iñiguez-Lluhi JA, Lee E, et al. (1994). "G protein beta gamma subunits. Simplified purification and properties of novel isoforms". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (6): 4388–95. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)41792-3. PMID 8308009.
Liang JJ, Cockett M, Khawaja XZ (1998). "Immunohistochemical localization of G protein beta1, beta2, beta3, beta4, beta5, and gamma3 subunits in the adult rat brain". J. Neurochem. 71 (1): 345–55. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71010345.x. PMID 9648884. S2CID 83954980.
Kleiderlein JJ, Nisson PE, Jessee J, et al. (1999). "CCG repeats in cDNAs from human brain". Hum. Genet. 103 (6): 666–73. doi:10.1007/s004390050889. PMID 9921901. S2CID 23696667.
Asano T, Morishita R, Ueda H, Kato K (1999). "Selective association of G protein beta(4) with gamma(5) and gamma(12) subunits in bovine tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (30): 21425–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.30.21425. PMID 10409705.
Suzuki H, Fukunishi Y, Kagawa I, et al. (2001). "Protein-protein interaction panel using mouse full-length cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (10): 1758–65. doi:10.1101/gr.180101. PMC 311163. PMID 11591653.
Blake BL, Wing MR, Zhou JY, et al. (2002). "G beta association and effector interaction selectivities of the divergent G gamma subunit G gamma(13)". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (52): 49267–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106565200. PMID 11675383.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
Sprague RS, Bowles EA, Olearczyk JJ, et al. (2003). "The role of G protein beta subunits in the release of ATP from human erythrocytes". J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 53 (4 Pt 1): 667–74. PMID 12512701.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000172354 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[3] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9799793-4] Glockner G, Scherer S, Schattevoy R, Boright A, Weber J, Tsui LC, Rosenthal A (Dec 1998). "Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes". Genome Res. 8 (10): 1060–73. doi:10.1101/gr.8.10.1060. PMC 310788. PMID 9799793.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2".

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References

Further reading