A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | CH | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9
First Conte government | |
|---|---|
 65th Cabinet of Italy | |
 | |
| Date formed | 1 June 2018 |
| Date dissolved | 5 September 2019 (462 days) |
| People and organisations | |
| Head of state | Sergio Mattarella |
| Head of government | Giuseppe Conte |
| Deputy head of government | Luigi Di Maio Matteo Salvini |
| No. of ministers | 19 (incl. Prime Minister) |
| Ministers removed | 1 resigned |
| Total no. of members | 20 (incl. Prime Minister) |
| Member parties | M5S, Lega |
| Status in legislature | Coalition (Majority) Chamber of Deputies 348/630 (55%):
167/321 (52%):
|
| Opposition parties | PD, FI, FdI, LeU |
| History | |
| Election(s) | 2018 election |
| Legislature term(s) | XVIII Legislature (2018–2022) |
| Incoming formation | 2018 government formation |
| Predecessor | Gentiloni government |
| Successor | Second Conte government |
| ||
|---|---|---|
Prime Minister of Italy (2018–2021) President of the M5S (2021–present)
 |
||
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The first Conte government was the 65th government of the Italian Republic.[1] It was led by Giuseppe Conte, an independent, and it was in office from 1 June 2018 to 5 September 2019.
The cabinet was formed by a coalition between the Five Star Movement and the League, but it also contained some independents proposed by each party (including the Prime Minister). It was referred to as the "government of change" (Italian: governo del cambiamento) after the name of the political agreement signed by the two parties,[2][3] or the "yellow-green government" (governo gialloverde), based on their customary colours,[4] even if the League originally preferred "yellow-blue government" (governo gialloblu), due to its new campaign colour under Salvini's leadership.[5]
The government has often been described as "populist" (the first of that kind in Europe according to several sources)[6][7] and its policies (and more specifically those of the League) have been described by Italian newspapers as "souverainist".[8][9][10][11]
Supporting parties
The government is supported and most of its members are provided by the two following parties.
| Party | Main ideology | Leader | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Five Star Movement (M5S) | Populism, direct democracy | Luigi Di Maio | |
| League (Lega) | Right-wing populism, federalism | Matteo Salvini | |
At its birth, the government was also supported by the Associative Movement Italians Abroad (MAIE), five deputies and two senators previously expelled from the M5S, one dissident senator from the South American Union Italian Emigrants (USEI)[12] who later joined the MAIE and one deputy of Forza Italia (FI) who sarcastically voted in favour of it.[13] Ricardo Merlo, the leader of MAIE, was also named Undersecretary to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 12 June 2018. The government is also supported by the National Movement for Sovereignty, the Sardinian Action Party and the Italian Liberal Party (whose senators sit in the League group).
Brothers of Italy (FdI),[14] the parties representing linguistic minorities (Valdostan Union, South Tyrolean People's Party and Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party) and one deputy from USEI do not support the government, but affirmed their willingness to vote for measures that reflect their respective ideologies.[15]
History
Background and formation
The March 2018 general election resulted in a hung parliament.[16] The Five Star Movement (M5S) led by Luigi Di Maio resulted as the party with the largest number of votes and parliamentary seats, whereas the centre-right coalition in which Matteo Salvini's League emerged as the main political force won a plurality of seats both in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate. The centre-left coalition, built around the Democratic Party (PD) led by former Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, came third.[17]
On 9 May, after weeks of political deadlock and failing attempts to form a cabinet, including possible M5S–Centre-right and M5S–PD coalitions, Di Maio and Salvini officially requested President Sergio Mattarella to concede them 24 hours more to strike a government agreement between their two parties.[18] In the evening, Silvio Berlusconi publicly announced that Forza Italia (FI) would not support a M5S–League government on a vote of confidence, but it would still maintain the centre-right alliance nonetheless, thus opening the door to a possible majority government between the two parties.[19]
On 13 May, the M5S and the League reached an agreement on a government program, however they did not find an agreement regarding their proposal for the Prime Minister and the Ministers. M5S and League leaders met with President Mattarella on 14 May and asked for an additional week of negotiations.[20] Both parties announced they would ask their respective members to vote on the government agreement by the following weekend.[21][22]
On 21 May, private law professor and M5S advisor Giuseppe Conte was proposed by Di Maio and Salvini for the role of Prime Minister.[23][24][25] Despite reports in the media suggesting that President Mattarella had significant reservations about the direction of the new government,[26] Conte was invited at the Quirinal Palace to receive the presidential mandate to form a new cabinet on 23 May.[27][28] In his statement after the appointment, Conte said that he would be the "defense attorney of Italian people".[29] The next day, Conte held talks with all the parliamentary parties, but the government formation was soon stuck on the appointment of Paolo Savona as Minister of Economy and Finance, which was unfavoured by President Mattarella,[30] who considered his alleged support for Italy's covert exit from the euro as an overwhelming risk for the country's economy. On 27 May, President Mattarella refused to appoint Savona, and Conte renounced his task after days of negotiation and an ultimatum by the two party leaders on Savona's nomination.[31][32][33]
On 28 May, President Mattarella summoned Carlo Cottarelli (a former director of the International Monetary Fund) and gave him the task to form a new government.[34][35] On the same day, the PD announced that it would abstain from voting the confidence to Cottarelli while the M5S, the League, FI and the Brothers of Italy (FdI) announced that they would have voted against.[36][37] Cottarelli was expected to submit his list of ministers for approval to President Mattarella on 29 May. However, he held only informal consultations with the President on 29 and 30 May, awaiting the possible formation of a "political government".[38][39] Meanwhile, Di Maio and Salvini announced their willingness to restart negotiations to form a "political" government and Giorgia Meloni (FdI leader) gave them her support.[38][39][40]
On 31 May, the M5S and the League announced their new agreement on a Conte-led government with Giovanni Tria as Minister of Economy and Finance and Savona as Minister of European Affairs.[41][42] Subsequently, President Mattarella summoned for the second time Conte, who announced the list of ministers.[43][44] On 1 June, Prime Minister Conte and his ministers took their oaths of office and were sworn in.[45] On 5 June the Italian Senate approved the new government in a vote of confidence.[46] On 6 June the government was confirmed following the vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies.[47]
On 12 June, the cabinet appointed 6 deputy ministers and 39 undersecretaries.[48][49][50][51] Of all these appointments, 25 were M5S members, 17 League members, two non-party independents and one member of the Associative Movement Italians Abroad (MAIE).[52] The M5S received four deputy ministers while the League received two.[53]
Investiture votes
On 5 June 2018, the Conte I Cabinet was granted the confidence of the Senate by receiving 171 votes in favor and 117 votes against (25 senators abstained; 7 senators did not vote, among which 6 were absent).[54] Senators for life Elena Cattaneo, Mario Monti and Liliana Segre abstained while senators for life Carlo Rubbia, Renzo Piano and Giorgio Napolitano did not vote. On 6 June 2018, the so-called Government of Change received the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies by receiving 350 votes in favor and 236 votes against (35 deputies abstained; 8 deputies did not vote, among which 5 were absent).[55]
5–6 June 2018
Investiture votes for Conte I Cabinet | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| House of Parliament | Vote | Parties | Votes |
| Senate of the Republic (Voting: 313[a] of 320, Majority: 145) |
 Yes |
M5S (109), Lega (58), MAIE (2), Others (2) | 171 / 313
|
 No |
FI (57), PD (52), LeU (4), Aut (2), PSI (1), +Eu (1) | 117 / 313
| |
| Abstention | FdI (18), Aut (5), Others (2) | 25 / 313
| |
| Chamber of Deputies (Voting: 621[b] of 628, Majority: 294) |
Yes |
M5S (219), Lega (124), MAIE (6), FI (1) | 350 / 621
|
| No |
PD (110), FI (102), LeU (14), CP–AP–PSI–AC (4), NcI (3), +Eu–CD (3) | 236 / 621
| |
| Abstention | FdI (30), SVP–PATT (4), USEI (1) | 35 / 621
| |
Resignation
Conte announced his resignation on August 20, 2019, averting a no-confidence vote promoted by Matteo Salvini.[56] The same day, President of Italy Sergio Mattarella accepted Conte's resignation and announced consultations with party leaders for the next two days.[57] On August 22, Mattarella said some parties were trying to form "a solid majority" and he gave these political parties until August 27 to report back to him, after which he would hold two more days of consultations.[58]
On August 29, Mattarella tasked Conte with the formation of a new cabinet, a coalition of Five Star Movement and Democratic Party. As customary, the premier-designate reserved the right to accept the mandate, pending further talks with both parties.[59]
Party breakdown
Beginning of term
Ministers
8
| |
5
| |
6
|
Ministers and other members
- Five Star Movement (M5S): 8 ministers, 4 deputy ministers, 21 undersecretaries
- League (Lega): 5 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 15 undersecretaries
- Associative Movement Italians Abroad (MAIE): 1 undersecretary
- Independents: Prime minister, 5 ministers, 2 undersecretaries
End of term
Ministers
8
| |
6
| |
5
|
Ministers and other members
- Five Star Movement (M5S): 8 ministers, 4 deputy ministers, 21 undersecretaries
- League (Lega): 6 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 15 undersecretaries
- Associative Movement Italians Abroad (MAIE): 1 undersecretary
- Independents: Prime minister, 4 ministers, 2 undersecretaries
Geographical breakdown
.svg)
Beginning of term
- Northern Italy: 9 ministers
- Central Italy: 2 ministers
- Lazio: 2 ministers
- Southern and Insular Italy: 8 ministers (including Conte)
End of term
- Northern Italy: 10 ministers
- Central Italy: 2 ministers
- Lazio: 2 ministers
- Southern and Insular Italy: 7 ministers (including Conte)