Emde degradation

Emde degradation
Named after	Hermann Emde
Reaction type	Degradation reaction
Identifiers
RSC ontology ID	RXNO:0000147

The Emde degradation (also called Emde-reaction or Emde-reduction) is a method for the reduction of a quaternary ammonium cation to a tertiary amine with sodium amalgam:^[1]^[2]^[3]

This organic reaction was first described in 1909 by the German chemist Hermann Emde and was for a long time of great importance in structure elucidation of many alkaloids, for example that of ephedrine.

Alternative reducing agents exist for this reaction; for instance, lithium aluminium hydride.

References

^ Emde, Hermann (1909). "Spaltung quartärer Ammoniumsalze durch nascierenden Wasserstoff". Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 42 (2): 2590–2594. doi:10.1002/cber.190904202169.
^ Pötsch, W. (1989). Lexikon bedeutender Chemiker. VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig. ISBN 3817110553.
^ Smith, M. B.; March, J. (2001). March's Advanced Organic Chemistry. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-58589-0.

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[1] Emde, Hermann (1909). "Spaltung quartärer Ammoniumsalze durch nascierenden Wasserstoff". Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 42 (2): 2590–2594. doi:10.1002/cber.190904202169.

[2] Pötsch, W. (1989). Lexikon bedeutender Chemiker. VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig. ISBN 3817110553.

[3] Smith, M. B.; March, J. (2001). March's Advanced Organic Chemistry. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-58589-0.

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[2]

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See also

References