Corona, California
City
Top: view of Corona; bottom: Corona Historic Civic Center Theater
Flag Seal
Nicknames:  Crown Town, The Circle City, Crown Colony, Queen Colony, Indianapolis of the West[1][2]
Motto(s):  "To Cherish Our Past, To Plan Our Future"
Location of Corona in Riverside County, California
Corona Location within Greater Los Angeles Show map of the Los Angeles metropolitan area Corona Location within California Show map of California Corona Location in the United States Show map of the United States
Coordinates: 33°52′N 117°34′W / 33.867°N 117.567°W / 33.867; -117.567
Country	United States
State	California
County	Riverside
Government
• Type	Council–manager[3]
• Mayor	Tom Richins [3]
• Vice Mayor	Jim Steiner
• City Council	Jacque Casillas Tony Daddario Wes Speake
• City Treasurer	Chad Willardson
Area [4]
• City	39.96 sq mi (103.50 km2)
• Land	39.94 sq mi (103.45 km2)
• Water	0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2)  0.27%
Elevation [5]	679 ft (207 m)
Population  (2020)
• City	157,136
• Rank	3rd in Riverside County 35th in California 165th in the United States
• Density	3,934.20/sq mi (1,519.02/km2)
• Metro	4,224,851
Time zone	UTC−8 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP codes	92877–92883
Area code	951
FIPS code	06-16350
GNIS feature IDs	1652691, 2410232
Website	City Government Tourism site

Corona (Spanish for "Crown") is a city in northwestern Riverside County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 157,136, up from 152,374 at the 2010 census. Corona is surrounded by Norco to the north and northeast, Yorba Linda to the northwest, Cleveland National Forest and the Santa Ana Mountains to the west, southwest, and south. Several unincorporated communities are along the rest of the city's borders. Downtown Corona is approximately 48 miles (77 kilometers) southeast of Downtown Los Angeles and 95 miles (153 km) north-northwest of San Diego.

Corona, located along the western edge of Southern California's Inland Empire region, is known as the "Circle City" due to Grand Boulevard's 3 mi (4.8 km) circular layout. It is one of the most residential cities in the Inland Empire, but also has a large industrial portion on the northern half, being the headquarters of companies such as Fender Musical Instruments Corporation, Monster Beverage Corporation, and supercar manufacturer Saleen.

Etymology

Corona is Spanish for crown or wreath. Originally called South Riverside, citizens wanted to distinguish their city from the larger city of Riverside to the north. When it came time to incorporate the city a number of different names were considered, but the name Corona was chosen to play upon a unique feature of the city, the one-mile diameter drive that circled the center of the town.^[7][8]

History

Indigenous

Prior to the late eighteenth century, the area was primarily inhabited by the Tongva and Payómkawichum, who lived in a series of villages throughout the area. What is now Corona stood at the southeastern extent of Tovaangar, or the Tongva world, and at the northern edge of Payómkawichum territory.^[9][10]

The primary settlement in the area was the village of Paxauxa, which was established along the banks of the Temescal Creek at about where Corona is situated today. The settlement was shared by both the Tongva and Payómkawichum people. Cooperation and marriage between the two villages was common.^[11][12] High above the city of Corona, the village of Pamajam was also located in a small valley of the Santa Ana Mountains.^[13][14]

Colonial period

The founding of Mission San Juan Capistrano in 1776 and Mission San Luis Rey in 1798 saw the introduction of Spanish soldiers and missionaries in the area. This resulted in villagers being brought to the mission to be baptized and as labor.^[15]

Spanish influence increased in the area with the establishment of the San Antonio de Pala Asistencia in 1816. Two years following the construction of this mission outpost, the Temescal Valley's first European resident, Leandro Serrano, was given permission by the Spanish to use the area for cattle grazing. His first order was to kill the local bear and mountain lion population for the imported herds.^[16]

After the secularization of the Spanish missions by the First Mexican Republic in 1833, the land under influence by the missions in Alta California was gradually granted to large landowners as ranches. In 1848, Californio governor Pio Pico issued this land to Bernardo Yorba, which included present-day city of Corona.^[17][16]

Establishment

Corona was founded at the height of the Southern California citrus boom in 1886, and is situated at the upper end of the Santa Ana River Canyon, a significant pass through the Santa Ana Mountains. The town of Corona was once the "Lemon Capital of the World". A museum there presents the lemon's former role in the local economy. The city's name means crown in Spanish due to the circular shape of a crown and the circular shape of Grand Blvd. The nickname of Corona is "The Circle City" from the unique layout of its streets, with a standard grid enclosed by the circular Grand Boulevard, 2.75 miles (4.43 km) in circumference.^[18] The street layout was designed by Hiram Clay Kellogg, a civil engineer from Anaheim who was an influential figure in the early development of Orange County.

Corona was established as a town by the South Riverside Land and Water Company. The company was incorporated in 1886; founding members included ex-Governor of Iowa Samuel Merrill, R.B. Taylor, George L. Joy, A.S. Garretson, and Adolph Rimpau.^[19] Originally a citrus growers' organization, it purchased the lands of Rancho La Sierra of Bernardo Yorba, and the Rancho Temescal grant and the colony of South Riverside was laid out. They also secured the water rights to Temescal Creek, its tributaries and Lee Lake. Dams and pipelines were built to carry the water to the colony. In 1889, the Temescal Water Company was incorporated, to supply water for the new colony. This company purchased all the water-bearing lands in the Temescal valley and began drilling artesian wells.^[20]

Originally located in San Bernardino County, the city was named "South Riverside" and received its post office in that name on either May 27^[21] or August 11, 1887^[22] with Charles H. Cornell as the town's first postmaster.^[21] In 1893, South Riverside became part of the new Riverside County. In 1896, the city was renamed "Corona" for its circular Grand Boulevard, where three international automobile races were held in 1913, 1914 and 1916.^[23]

20th century

The city of Corona has been popular among celebrities drawn to its upscale areas and relative privacy compared to Los Angeles. Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz spent time at their ranch, located in north Corona, and played golf often at the Cresta Verde Golf Course in the northeastern section of the city.^[24] After their divorce, Arnaz continued to live in Corona.^[25]

In recent years Corona has been known as the "Gateway to the Inland Empire".^[26] Main Street Realtors wrote, "Prior to the 1980s, the city was largely an agricultural community, dominated by citrus orchards, ranches, and dairy farms. High real estate prices in Los Angeles and Orange counties made the area's land desirable to developers and industrialists, and by the late 1990s Corona was considered a major suburb of Los Angeles."^[27]

Housing development in the city has been accelerated by access to the area via the SR 91, with many families leaving Orange County to larger, more affordable housing available in the city. The construction of the nearby SR 71 has linked Corona to the Pomona and San Gabriel valleys. Due to traffic caused by Corona's considerable growth, toll lanes have been built along the 91 freeway, with future toll lane expansions under construction and in the planning stages along Interstate 15. While there were talks to construct a proposed 10-mile (16 km) automobile and rail tunnel under Santiago Peak to connect Interstate 15 in Corona with Interstate 5 and SR 55 in Orange County to reduce commuter traffic on the crowded 91 freeway, this concept has been shelved indefinitely.^{[citation needed]}

21st century

In 2002, the city government considered an initiative to secede from Riverside County and form an autonomous Corona County because the city government and some residents were dissatisfied with how services were handled in nearby areas. The effort was also considered by areas in other cities in the western part of the county as far south as Murrieta. Whether nearby cities such as Norco would have been included in the new county are unknown. The proposed county would have been bordered by San Bernardino County to the northwest and by Orange County to the west, but it never came to fruition.^[28]

Geography and climate

Corona is located in western Riverside County, east of Orange County.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 38.9 square miles (101 km²), of which 38.8 square miles (100 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km²) of it, or 0.27%, is water.

Corona experiences a warm Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: CSa) and has mild to cool winters and hot summers. Most of the rainfall (as in all of Southern California) occurs during winter and early spring.

Winter days are pleasant, with the average highs staying in the mid to upper 60s. But compared to other areas in Southern California, winter lows are colder, with common frost and chilly mornings. Snowfall within city limits is rare. Snow flurries will occasionally fall, usually once every other year, but it very rarely snows to the point where it accumulates. The nearby Santa Ana Mountains receive a dusting of snow a few times each winter.

Spring brings pleasant weather with daytime temperatures in the mid to upper 70s, and nighttime lows in the upper 40s. Spring showers are common during the beginning of the season but are a rarity by late May.

Summertime is hot, with highs averaging in the low to mid 90s. During the hottest months, daytime temperatures in Corona can exceed 100 °F (38 °C).^[29][30] In early summer, Corona receives common overcast weather known as "May Gray" and "June Gloom". Summer thunderstorms are sporadic and usually happen between July and September from the North American Monsoons, bringing increased humidity and scattered thunderstorms.

Autumn features warm days and sharply cooler evenings, but can be windy due to the Santa Ana winds, blowing in two or three times a year from October to December.

Economy

Businesses with global, national or major regional headquarters in Corona include:

• TCL, a Chinese technology company
• Monster Beverage, a worldwide manufacturer of soft drinks, including Hansen's beverages and the Monster Energy drink line.^[32]
• Circle K, an international convenience store chain.
• Saleen, manufacturer of specialty, high-performance sports cars.^[33]
• Fender, world-famous manufacturer of electric guitars, amplifiers, and musical equipment. The Fender Custom Shop is also based in the same building.
• Zumiez, youth and action sports clothing and accessory retailer. Corona is home to the Zumiez distribution center.
• (Moved in 2022) Lucas Oil Products, manufacturer of automotive additive products. Headquarters and manufacturing facility moved to Indianapolis, Indiana in 2022.
  • Premium automotive television channel MAVTV, which Lucas Oil owns, is also based in Corona.
• Troy Lee Designs, makers of various motocross and mountain bike accessories and apparel.
• LuLaRoe, controversial and legally embattled multi-level marketing distributor of women's apparel.
• Sterno, manufacturers of portable cooking fuel.

Top employers

According to the city's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,^[34] the top employers in the city are:

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	Corona-Norco Unified School District	4,807
2	Corona Regional Medical Center	1,096
3	Fender USA Corona	960
4	Monster Energy	900
5	City of Corona	824
6	TWR Framing Enterprises	725
7	All American Asphalt	650
8	Veg Fresh Farms	629
9	Latitude 36 Foods	475
10	Kaiser Permanente	450

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1900	1,434		—
1910	3,540		146.9%
1920	4,129		16.6%
1930	7,018		70.0%
1940	8,764		24.9%
1950	10,223		16.6%
1960	13,336		30.5%
1970	27,519		106.4%
1980	37,791		37.3%
1990	76,095		101.4%
2000	124,966		64.2%
2010	152,374		21.9%
2020	157,136		3.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[35]

2020

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=Corona,_California
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Corona city, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000[36]	Pop 2010[37]	Pop 2020[38]	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	58,784	58,087	49,860	47.04%	38.12%