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Alberta provincial highway system | |
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![]() ![]() ![]() Standard highway markers for Alberta | |
![]() Alberta's provincial highway system as of 2016 | |
Highway names | |
Provincial Highways | Alberta Highway XX (Hwy XX) |
System links | |
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The Canadian province of Alberta has a provincial highway network consisting of over 31,400 kilometres (19,500 mi) of roads as of 2021-2022, of which 28,000 kilometres (17,000 mi) have been paved.[1]
All of Alberta's provincial highways are maintained by Alberta Transportation (AT), a department of the Government of Alberta. The network includes two distinct series of numbered highways:
- The 1–216 series (formerly known as primary highways), making up Alberta's core highway network—typically paved and with the highest traffic volume
- The 500–986 series, providing more local and rural access, with a higher proportion of gravel surfaces
History
In 1926, Alberta discontinued its system of marking highways with different colours in favour of a numbering system.[2] By 1928, the year a gravel road stretched from Edmonton to the United States border, Alberta's provincial highway network comprised 2,310 km (1,440 mi).[2]
Prior to 1973, the expanding highway system comprised one-digit and two-digit highways, with some numbers having letter suffixes (e.g., Highway 1X, Highway 26A).[3] In 1973, a second highway system emerged, using three digits starting in the 500s and referred to as secondary roads, while the existing system continued to be referred to as provincial highways.[4] In 1974, provincial highways became known as primary highways;[5] and in 1990, secondary roads became known as secondary highways.[6]
Secondary highways were abolished in 2000, with most becoming primary highways.[7] The expanded primary highway system was divided into two subsets: former primary highways, which became the 1–216 series;[8] and former secondary highways, which became the 500–986 series.[9] In 2010, all highways became known as provincial highways, while maintaining the two numbered series.[10][11] Despite this, the series are still often referred to as primary and secondary highways, respectively.
1 - 216 series
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/AB-provincial_highway.svg/32px-AB-provincial_highway.svg.png)
Alberta's 1 to 216 series of provincial highways are Alberta's main highways. They are numbered from 1 to 100, with the exception of the ring roads around Calgary and Edmonton, which are numbered 201 and 216 respectively. The numbers applied to these highways are derived from compounding the assigned numbers of the core north–south and east–west highways that intersect with the rings roads. In Calgary, Highway 201 is derived from the north-south Highway 2 and the east-west Highway 1. In Edmonton, Highway 216 is derived from the same north-south Highway 2 and the east-west Highway 16.
Within this series, all or portions of Highways 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 15, 16, 28, 28A, 35, 43, 49, 63, 201 and 216 are designated core routes of Canada's National Highway System (NHS).[12] Highway 28 from Highway 63 to Cold Lake is designated a NHS feeder route and Highway 58 between Rainbow Lake and Highway 88 is designated a NHS northern/remote route.[12]
Highways 1, 2, 3, 4, 16, and 43 are considered Alberta's most important interprovincial and international highways and are divided highways (expressways) or freeways for much or all of their length. Speed limits are generally 110 km/h (68 mph) divided highways/freeways and 100 km/h (62 mph) on others. Segments of Highway 1 and Highway 16 through the national parks within Alberta's Rockies that can be 90 km/h (56 mph) or 70 km/h (43 mph).
The Highway 15/28A/28/63 corridor between Edmonton and Fort McMurray is considered one of Alberta's most important intraprovincial highways. It is vital to the oilsands operation.
Although only Highways 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 15, 16, 43, 60, 63, 100, 201, and 216 are twinned (expressways) for most of their length, the vast majority of Alberta's 1 to 216 series of highways are two-laned and paved. Only four highways within the series have segments that remained gravelled. These include segments of Highways 40, 58, and 68 and a short segment near the northern terminus of Highway 63.[13]
Highways 1 and 16 are Trans-Canada Highway routes and are signed with TCH shields, not standard provincial shields.
Number | Length (km) | Length (mi) | Southern or western terminus | Northern or eastern terminus | Local names | Formed | Removed | Notes |
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534 | 332 | ![]() |
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Trans-Canada Highway | 1941 | c.current | Signed with Trans-Canada Highway shield; passes through Banff, Calgary, and Medicine Hat. |
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1370 | 850 | U.S. (Montana) border at Carway | B.C. border west of Demmitt | 1926 | 1941 | c.Replaced by Hwy 2; passes through Calgary, Red Deer, Edmonton, Peace River and Grande Prairie.[14] | |
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60 | 37 | Bassano | Brooks | 1941[15] | c.1955[16] | c.Replaced by Hwy 36 between Brooks and Duchess; became Hwy 550 and Hwy 873 in 1973. | |
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51 | 32 | ![]() |
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Bow Valley Parkway | — | — | Former section of Hwy 1. |
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89 | 55 | ![]() |
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Bow Valley Trail | 1957 | c.current | Former section of Hwy 1. |
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6 | 3.7 | BC 1A at the B.C. border at Kicking Horse Pass | Hwy 1 at Lake Louise | Kicking Horse Trail | 1962 | 1990s | c.Route closed to automobile traffic. |
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228 | 142 | Hwy 1 west of Lake Louise | Hwy 16 in Jasper | Icefields Parkway | 1940 | 1959 | Replaced by Hwy 93.[17] |
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11 | 6.8 | Hwy 1 (16 Avenue NW) / Crowchild Trail in Calgary | Hwy 2 (Deerfoot Trail) / 17 Avenue SE in Calgary | • 14 Street W • 6 Avenue S • 9 Avenue S |
1949 | 1980 | c.Former section of Hwy 1 through downtown Calgary; Hwy 1A was split into two sections when decommissioned. |
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14 | 8.7 | Hwy 2 (Deerfoot Trail) in Calgary | Hwy 1 in Chestermere | 17 Avenue SE | 1949 | 2013 | Former section of Hwy 1 through east Calgary. |
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11 | 6.8 | BC 1B at the B.C. border at Vermilion Pass | Hwy 1 at Castle Junction | Banff–Windermere Highway | 1941 | 1959 | Replaced by Hwy 93.[17] |
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5 | 3.1 | ![]() |
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1961 | c.current | ||
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1273 | 791 | ![]() |
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• Queen Elizabeth II Highway (Airdrie – Edmonton) • Deerfoot Trail (Calgary) • Northern Woods and Water Route (Athabasca – Donnelly) |
1941 | c.current | Passes through Calgary, Edmonton, Peace River, and Red Deer. |
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534 | 332 | B.C. border at Kicking Horse Pass | Sask. border east of Walsh | 1926 | 1941 | c.Replaced by Hwy 1; passed through Banff, Calgary, and Medicine Hat.[14] | |
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97 | 60 | BC 2 at the B.C. border west of Demmitt | Hwy 34 (now Hwy 43) north of Grande Prairie | 1941 | c.[18] | 1998Section replaced by Hwy 43. | |
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46 | 29 | ![]() |
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1960 | c.current | Former section of Hwy 2. | |
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229 | 142 | ![]() ![]() |
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1954 | current | Former section of Hwy 2; passes through Red Deer | |
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15 | 9.3 | ![]() |
Smith | — | — | Former section of Hwy 2. | |
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27 | 17 | ![]() |
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— | — | Former section of Hwy 2. | |
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11 | 6.8 | ![]() |
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— | — | Former section of Hwy 2. | |
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20 | 12 | Hwy 2 north of Nanton | Hwy 23 in High River | — | [19][20] | 1996Former section of Hwy 2. | |
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11 | 6.8 | Hwy 1 in Calgary | Hwy 2 north of Calgary | Barlow Trail | — | 1980s | c.Former section of Hwy 2. |
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8 | 5.0 | Hwy 2 (109 Street) in Edmonton | Hwy 2 (St. Albert Trail / 118 Avenue) in Edmonton | • Whyte Avenue • University Avenue • Saskatchewan Drive • Groat Road |
1955 | 1970 | Downtown Edmonton bypass via Groat Bridge. |
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324 | 201 | ![]() |
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Crowsnest Highway | 1926 | current | Signed with Crowsnest Highway shield; passes through Lethbridge. |
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4 | 2.5 | ![]() |
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1967 | current | Former section of Hwy 3; unsigned. | |
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8 | 5.0 | ![]() |
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1996 | current | Former section of Hwy 3. | |
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0.65 | 0.40 | ![]() |
Lethbridge city limits | Westside Drive | 1967 | current | Former section of Hwy 3; unsigned. |
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7 | 4.3 | Business route through Barnwell | 1998 | current | Former section of Hwy 3; unsigned. | ||
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6 | 3.7 | Hwy 3 east of Coalhurst | Hwy 3 in Lethbridge | • Westside Drive • Bridge Drive |
1967 | 1980s | c.Former section of Hwy 3; all but a 650 m section, was decommissioned when the area was annexed by the City of Lethbridge. |
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103 | 64 | ![]() |
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1926 | current | ||
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129 | 80 | Waterton Park | ![]() |
Cowboy Trail (Waterton Lakes N.P – Cardston) |
1926 | current | |
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74 | 46 | ![]() |
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Cowboy Trail (Waterton Lakes N.P – Pincher Station) |
1926 | current | |
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26 | 16 | ![]() |
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— | — | ||
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17 | 11 | Black Diamond | Longview | — | — | Section replaced by Hwy 22. | |
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31 | 19 | ![]() |
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Glenmore Trail | — | — | 9 km (5.6 mi) section in Calgary between Stoney Trail on the west and east sides (Hwy 201) is unsigned. |
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11 | 6.8 | Hwy 1A (14 Street NW) in Calgary | Bowness Park in Bowness | • Kensington Road • Parkdale Boulevard • 3 Avenue NW • Bowness Road • 85 Street NW |
— | 1964 | Serviced the former towns of Montgomery and Bowness. Decommissioned after the towns were annexed by the City of Calgary. |
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324 | 201 | ![]() ![]() |
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— | — | ||
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23 | 14 | ![]() ![]() |
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Hoo Doo Trail | — | — | Entire route is in the Town of Drumheller. |
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6 | 3.7 | ![]() ![]() |
Wayne | — | — | Entire route is in the Town of Drumheller. | |
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318 | 198 | ![]() |
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David Thompson Highway | — | —
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