Al-Qaidah (newspaper)

Al-Qaidah
Founded	January 1943
Political alignment	Communist
Language	Arabic
Ceased publication	June 19, 1956
Circulation	~5,400 (as of 1954–55)

Al-Qaidah (Arabic: القاعدة, The Base) was a Arabic-language newspaper published in Iraq. It was an organ of the Iraqi Communist Party.^[1]^[2] It was printed clandestinely for thirteen years, albeit with interruptions.^[3]

The first issue of al-Qaidah came out in January 1943. Al-Qaidah was founded in the midst of a split in the party.^[3]^[4] It was set up by Daud as-Sayegh, Hussain Muhammad ash-Shabibi and Zaki Muhammad Basim, who were supporters of Yusuf Salman Yusuf (a.k.a. Comrade Fahd) in the party's Central Committee. The newspaper sought to compete with ash-Shararah ('The Spark') for the position as the party organ. The different factions were effectively known by the names of their publications.^[4] As-Sayegh served as editor of al-Qaidah before being expelled from the party.^[5]

Al-Qaidah was banned by the government, and being caught with an issue of the newspaper could result in a prison sentence.^[6] By 1947 al-Qaidah had a circulation of around 3,000.^[1]^: 191 It was probably one of the most widely read newspapers in the country at the time.^[7] It was primarily read in Baghdad, the Shiite south and the Kurdish north.^[1]^: 181 During 1954–55, seventeen issues of al-Qaidah were published. In spite of being an illegal underground publication, its issues had an average circulation of around 5,400.^[8]

In 1955 a workers newspaper, Ittihad ul-Amal was founded, after which al-Qaidah began focusing more on agrarian issues.^[9]

Al-Qaidah was shut down as the party reconciled with the Rayat ash-Shaghilah ('Toilers Banner') group, and Ittihad ash-Sha'ab ('People's Union') was founded as the new party organ.^[3]^[10]^[11] The last issue was published on June 19, 1956.^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Elizabeth F. Thompson (15 April 2013). Justice Interrupted. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-07609-9.
^ Вадим Васильевич Кортунов (1983). Справочник пропагандиста-международника. Политиздат. p. 189.
^ ^a ^b ^c Вестник Московского университета: Журналистика. Изд-во Московского Университета. 1972. p. 55.
^ ^a ^b Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.
^ Ṣalāḥ Khurasān (1993). Safhat min tarikh al-harikah al-shuyuìyah fi al-Ìraq.
^ Sasson Somekh (2012). Life After Baghdad: Memoirs of an Arab-Jew in Israel, 1950–2000. Sussex Academic Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-84519-502-1.
^ Bassam Yousif (17 June 2013). Human Development in Iraq: 1950–1990. Routledge. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-136-61986-1.
^ Johan Franzén (2011). Red Star Over Iraq: Iraqi Communism Before Saddam. Hurst Publishers. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-84904-101-0.
^ Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.
^ Johan Franzén (2011). Red Star Over Iraq: Iraqi Communism Before Saddam. Hurst Publishers. p. 69. ISBN 978-1-84904-101-0.
^ ^a ^b Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.

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[Thompson2013-1] Elizabeth F. Thompson (15 April 2013). Justice Interrupted. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-07609-9.

[Кортунов1983-2] Вадим Васильевич Кортунов (1983). Справочник пропагандиста-международника. Политиздат. p. 189.

[p55-3] Вестник Московского университета: Журналистика. Изд-во Московского Университета. 1972. p. 55.

[Ismael2008-4] Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.

[Khurasān1993-5] Ṣalāḥ Khurasān (1993). Safhat min tarikh al-harikah al-shuyuìyah fi al-Ìraq.

[Somekh2012-6] Sasson Somekh (2012). Life After Baghdad: Memoirs of an Arab-Jew in Israel, 1950–2000. Sussex Academic Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-84519-502-1.

[Yousif2013-7] Bassam Yousif (17 June 2013). Human Development in Iraq: 1950–1990. Routledge. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-136-61986-1.

[Franzén2011-8] Johan Franzén (2011). Red Star Over Iraq: Iraqi Communism Before Saddam. Hurst Publishers. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-84904-101-0.

[9] Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.

[Franzén201169-10] Johan Franzén (2011). Red Star Over Iraq: Iraqi Communism Before Saddam. Hurst Publishers. p. 69. ISBN 978-1-84904-101-0.

[t2-11] Tareq Y. Ismael (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Communist Party of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-0-521-87394-9.

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