1870–71 United States Senate elections

← 1868 & 1869 Dates vary by state (And other dates for special elections) 1872 & 1873 →
25 of the 70 (4 vacant)/74 seats in the United States Senate (with special elections) 36 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Henry B. Anthony[a] Party Republican Democratic Leader since March 4, 1863 Leader's seat Rhode Island Last election 57 seats 9 seats Seats before 63 11 Seats won 17 7 Seats after 58 14 Seat change 4 3 Seats up 21 4
Results of the elections:      Democratic gain      Democratic hold      Republican hold      Legislature failed to elect
Majority Party before election Republican Elected Majority Party Republican

The 1870–71 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1870 and 1871, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.^[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Republican Party lost five seats, though it still retained an overwhelming majority. In advance of these elections, the last four seceded states were readmitted to the Senate.

Mississippian Hiram Rhodes Revels became the first African American to be elected as a U.S. Senator and become a member of Congress.^[2]

In Georgia, Foster Blodgett was elected and presented his credentials as Senator-elect, but the Senate declared him not elected.

In Virginia, Republican John F. Lewis and Democrat John W. Johnston were elected on January 26, 1870, to fill seats that had been vacant since 1864 and 1865.

Results summary

Senate party division, 42nd Congress (1871–1873)

• Majority party: Republican (55)
• Minority party: Democratic (14)
• Other parties: Liberal Republican (1)
• Vacant: (4)
• Total seats: 74

Change in Senate composition

By March 30, 1870

After the readmission of Virginia, Texas, and Mississippi, and the special elections in Iowa and Maine.

D6	D5	D4	D3	D2	D1	V1
D7	D8	D9	D10 Gain Readmitted	R62 Gain Readmitted	R61 Gain Readmitted	R60 Gain Special	R59 Gain Readmitted	R58 Gain Readmitted	R57 Gain Readmitted
R47	R48	R49	R50	R51	R52	R53	R54	R55	R56 Appointee elected
R46	R45	R44	R43	R42	R41	R40	R39	R38	R37
Majority →									R36
R27	R28	R29	R30	R31	R32	R33	R34	R35
R26	R25	R24	R23	R22	R21	R20	R19	R18	R17
R7	R8	R9	R10	R11	R12	R13	R14	R15	R16
R6	R5	R4	R3	R2	R1	V2

Before the elections

Including the February 1871 readmission of Georgia.

D7	D6	D5	D4	D3	D2	D1
D8 Ran	D9 Ran	D10 Unknown	D11 Unknown	R63 Retired	R62 Retired	R61 Retired	R60 Retired	R59 Retired	R58 Unknown
R48 Ran	R49 Ran	R50 Ran	R51 Ran	R52 Ran	R53 Ran	R54 Ran	R55 Unknown	R56 Unknown	R57 Unknown
R47 Ran	R46 Ran	R45 Ran	R44 Ran	R43 Ran	R42	R41	R40	R39	R38
Majority →									R37
R28	R29	R30	R31	R32	R33	R34	R35	R36
R27	R26	R25	R24	R23	R22	R21	R20	R19	R18
R8	R9	R10	R11	R12	R13	R14	R15	R16	R17
R7	R6	R5	R4	R3	R2	R1

Result of the elections

Zdroj:https://en.wikipedia.org?pojem=1871_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia
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D7	D6	D5	D4	D3	D2	D1
D8 Hold	D9 Hold	D10 Hold	D11 Gain	D12 Gain	D13 Gain	D14 Gain	V1 D Loss	V2 R Loss	R58 Hold
R48 Re-elected	R49 Hold	R50 Hold	R51 Hold	R52 Hold	R53 Hold	R54 Hold	R55 Hold