1800–01 United States Senate elections

← 1798 & 1799 Dates vary by state 1802 & 1803 →
10 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 17 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Party Federalist Democratic-Republican Seats before 21 (65.6%) 11 (34.4%) Seats after 17 (54.8%) 14 (45.2%) Seat change 4 3 Seats up 7 3 Races won 3 6
Results:      Federalist hold      Federalist gain      Dem-Republican hold      Dem-Republican gain
Majority Party before election Federalist Elected Majority Party Federalist

The 1800–01 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with Thomas Jefferson being elected to the White House. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1800 and 1801, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.^[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

Although the Federalists began the 7th Congress with a slim majority, Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party took over the majority shortly thereafter due to mid-year special elections. By the time the first proper session of the 7th Congress met in December 1801, three seats had been gained by the Democratic-Republicans, leaving them with an overall majority of 17 seats and a government trifecta.

Change in composition

Before the November elections

After the November 6, 1800 special election in New York.

Result of the November elections