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| 10th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
9th ← → 11th | |
 United States Capitol (1800) | |
March 4, 1807 – March 4, 1809 | |
| Members | 34 senators 142 representatives 3 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Democratic-Republican |
| Senate President | George Clinton (DR) |
| House majority | Democratic-Republican |
| House Speaker | Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: October 26, 1807 – April 25, 1808 2nd: November 7, 1808 – March 3, 1809 | |
The 10th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1807, to March 4, 1809, during the seventh and eighth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 census; both chambers had an overwhelming Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events
- May 22, 1807: Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr was indicted for treason. He was acquitted September 1, 1807
- June 1807: Chesapeake-Leopard Affair: The British warship HMS Leopard (1790) captured and boarded the USS Chesapeake (1799).
- August 17, 1807: The Clermont, Robert Fulton's first American steamboat, left New York City for Albany, New York, on the Hudson River, inaugurating the first commercial steamboat service in the world.
- January 1, 1808: The importation of slaves into the United States was banned
Stephen R. Bradley
Joseph B. Varnum
Major legislation
- December 22, 1807: Embargo Act of 1807, ch. 5, 2 Stat. 451
- March 1, 1809: Non-Intercourse Act (1809), ch. 24, 2 Stat. 528
Territories organized
- February 3, 1809: Illinois Territory was organized from a portion of Indiana Territory, 2 Stat. 514
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) | |||
| End of previous congress | 27 | 7 | 34 | 0 |
| Begin | 28 | 6 | 34 | 0 |
| End | ||||
| Final voting share | 82.4% | 17.6% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 26 | 7 | 33 | 1 |
House of Representatives
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic- Republican (DR) |
Federalist (F) | |||
| End of previous congress | 113 | 28 | 141 | 1 |
| Begin | 115 | 25 | 140 | 2 |
| End | 27 | 142 | 0 | |
| Final voting share | 81.0% | 19.0% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 95 | 47 | 142 | 0 |
Leadership
Senate
- President: George Clinton (DR)
- President pro tempore: Samuel Smith (DR), elected April 16, 1808
- Stephen R. Bradley (DR), elected December 28, 1808
- John Milledge (DR), elected January 30, 1809
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.